The Senior GEMS®
Senior GEMS® is a dementia care method developed by Senior Helpers that uses the GEMS® classification system to help caregivers identify characteristics of different stages of dementia. The GEMS® model, created by Teepa Snow, focuses on the skills and abilities a person still has, rather than what they have lost. The model uses six levels, or "GEM® states", to describe different characteristics of people with dementia:
The FAST Scale
The Functional Assessment Scale (FAST) is a reliable measure commonly used to assess functional status for people who are living with dementia / brain failure. This tool provides the healthcare provider with an efficient and comprehensive evaluation of a person's functional ability. When the results of the FAST are compared with previous FAST assessments, this instrument has the potential to identify decline over time.
THE 7-STAGES OF DEMENTIA MODEL
The 7-stage model delves deeper into the dementia journey, allowing us to understand the gradual changes that occur. Each stage represents a different challenge:
No Cognitive Decline: This is the starting point, where there’s no noticeable decline in memory or thinking.
Very Mild Cognitive Decline: A bit like forgetting where you placed your keys. It’s normal forgetfulness.
Mild Cognitive Decline: This stage is like a cloudy day. People might struggle with finding the right words or remembering names.
Moderate Cognitive Decline: Here, the clouds start to get thicker. Daily tasks become more challenging, and assistance is needed.
Moderately Severe Cognitive Decline: The clouds are now a steady rain. Memory gaps become more pronounced, and confusion sets in.
Severe Cognitive Decline: The storm intensifies. Basic activities, like bathing and dressing, become difficult without help.
Very Severe Cognitive Decline: The storm is at its peak. People lose the ability to communicate and usually need round-the-clock care.
Understanding these stages helps us adapt our care to the changing needs of our loved ones.
THE 3-STAGES OF DEMENTIA MODEL
The 3-stage model was the original model. It is simple but does not provide enough information for the Caregiver to address the ever changing needs of the person living with dementia.
Early Stage: Memory problems may become noticeable. A person may forget appointments or names. It’s essential to be patient and offer gentle reminders.
Middle Stage: Memory loss becomes more obvious and daily activities become challenging. Loved ones might need assistance with dressing, eating, or even using the bathroom. Create a safe environment and maintain a consistent routine.
Late Stage: Communication becomes very difficult and physical abilities decline. Constant care is needed. Provide comfort and ensure the person living with dementia is as comfortable as possible.
Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) Levels of Dementia
The global deterioration scale (GDS) is a reliable tool for assessing the progression of primary degenerative dementia. Developed in 1982 by Dr. Steven Roth, GDS consists of seven stages that measure global cognitive decline over time. GDS is used to classify individuals according to their level of impairment and can help healthcare professionals provide better treatment and support. Healthcare professionals use the GDS to assess and monitor the condition of people living with dementia and consider it a valuable tool for providing comprehensive care for those with primary degenerative dementia.
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